Requirements

Requirements is a feature that allows you to put a constraint on commands and arguments. Similar to permissions, a requirement is something that must be fulfilled in order to use a given command or argument.

This section is broken up into four parts:

Adding requirements to commands
Adding requirements to arguments
Updating requirements
Multiple requirements

Please don't skip the section on updating requirements - the last section is necessary to get requirements to work as you'd want!

Adding requirements to commands

To add a requirement to a command, similar to adding permissions to commands, use the withRequirement method:

CommandAPICommand withRequirement(Predicate<CommandSender> sender);

The withRequirement method requires a predicate that determines if the sender is able to run the command - if the predicate is satisfied, then the command sender will be able to execute that command.

Example - Perks based on a player's level

Say we have a perks-based command system that depends on a player's level. For example, if a player has over 30 levels of experience, they would then be able to run a command that lets them repair the item in their hand in exchange for 30 levels. As such, we'll use the following command syntax:

/repair

We want to put a requirement on this command that the player needs to have at least 30 levels of experience in order to run the command - if the player has less than 30 levels, the player should not be able to run the command. The easiest way to make the player not able to run the command is to literally tell the user that the command doesn't exist. That's what requirements do in the CommandAPI:

new CommandAPICommand("repair")
    .withRequirement(sender -> ((Player) sender).getLevel() >= 30)
    .executesPlayer((player, args) -> {
        
        // Repair the item back to full durability
        ItemStack is = player.getInventory().getItemInMainHand();
        ItemMeta itemMeta = is.getItemMeta();
        if (itemMeta instanceof Damageable damageable) {
            damageable.setDamage(0);
            is.setItemMeta(itemMeta);
        }
        
        // Subtract 30 levels
        player.setLevel(player.getLevel() - 30);
    })
    .register();

CommandAPICommand("repair")
    .withRequirement { (it as Player).level >= 30 }
    .executesPlayer(PlayerCommandExecutor { player, _ ->

        // Repair the item back to full durability
        val item = player.inventory.itemInMainHand
        val itemMeta = item.itemMeta
        if (itemMeta is Damageable) {
            itemMeta.setDamage(0)
            item.setItemMeta(itemMeta)
        }

        // Subtract 30 levels
        player.setLevel(player.level - 30)
    })
    .register()

It's important to note that in this example, we case the sender to a player for the requirement method. We know that the sender is definitely a player because we use executesPlayer(), which ensures that this is the case. Now that we've got this, we need to make sure we update the player's requirements when their exp changes. This is covered in more detail in the section about updating requirements below.

Adding requirements to arguments

In a similar way that you can restrict certain arguments by adding permissions to them, you can restrict them by using arbitrary predicates by using the withRequirement method on the arguments themselves.

Example - A party creation and teleportation system

Let's say that we're working on a plugin that has a system to form groups of players called "parties". If you are not already in a party, you can create one of your own and if you are in a party, you can teleport to any other member in your party.

For this example, we'll use the following command syntax:

/party create <partyName>
/party tp <player>

To represent our party in code, we'll use a simple Map called partyMembers which maps the player's UUID to the name of their registered party:

Map<UUID, String> partyMembers = new HashMap<>();

val partyMembers = mutableMapOf<UUID, String>()

To begin with, let's create the /party create <partyName> command. First, we must declare our arguments:

List<Argument<?>> arguments = new ArrayList<>();

// The "create" literal, with a requirement that a player must have a party
arguments.add(new LiteralArgument("create")
    .withRequirement(sender -> !partyMembers.containsKey(((Player) sender).getUniqueId()))
);

arguments.add(new StringArgument("partyName"));

var arguments = mutableListOf<Argument<*>>()

// The "create" literal, with a requirement that a player must have a party
arguments.add(LiteralArgument("create")
    .withRequirement { !partyMembers.containsKey((it as Player).uniqueId) }
)

arguments.add(StringArgument("partyName"))

In this argument declaration, we put a requirement on the literal create, where the player does not have a party. In other words, if the player does not have a party, they are allowed to run /party create <partyName>. If a player already has a party, then they won't be allowed to run this command.

Now that we've declared our arguments, we can now declare our main command /party create <partyName>. We populate it with the arguments, and we create an entry in our partyMembers with the player's UUID and the name of the party that they created. Since this updates the requirements of the player, we'll have to make sure we update it (which is covered in more detail in the section about updating requirements below) - until then, I'll omit this from the code:

new CommandAPICommand("party")
    .withArguments(arguments)
    .executesPlayer((player, args) -> {
        
        // Get the name of the party to create
        String partyName = (String) args.get("partyName");
        
        partyMembers.put(player.getUniqueId(), partyName);
    })
    .register();

CommandAPICommand("party")
    .withArguments(*arguments.toTypedArray())
    .executesPlayer(PlayerCommandExecutor { player, args ->

        // Get the name of the party to create
        val partyName = args["partyName"] as String

        partyMembers[player.uniqueId] = partyName
    })
    .register()

So now we've added the ability to create a party if we're not already in it. Now we need to implement our party tp <player> command. Again, we must start by declaring our arguments:

arguments = new ArrayList<>();
arguments.add(new LiteralArgument("tp")
    .withRequirement(sender -> partyMembers.containsKey(((Player) sender).getUniqueId()))
);

arguments.add(new PlayerArgument("player")
    .replaceSafeSuggestions(SafeSuggestions.suggest(info -> {
        
        // Store the list of party members to teleport to
        List<Player> playersToTeleportTo = new ArrayList<>();
        
        String partyName = partyMembers.get(((Player) info.sender()).getUniqueId());
        
        // Find the party members
        for (Entry<UUID, String> entry : partyMembers.entrySet()) {
            
            // Ignore yourself
            if (entry.getKey().equals(((Player) info.sender()).getUniqueId())) {
                continue;
            } else {
                // If the party member is in the same party as you
                if (entry.getValue().equals(partyName)) {
                    Player target = Bukkit.getPlayer(entry.getKey());
                    if (target.isOnline()) {
                        // Add them if they are online
                        playersToTeleportTo.add(target);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        return playersToTeleportTo.toArray(new Player[0]);
    })));

arguments = mutableListOf<Argument<*>>()
arguments.add(LiteralArgument("tp")
    .withRequirement { partyMembers.containsKey((it as Player).uniqueId) })

arguments.add(PlayerArgument("player")
    .replaceSafeSuggestions(SafeSuggestions.suggest { info ->

        // Store the list of party members to teleport to
        val playersToTeleportTo = mutableListOf<Player>()

        val partyName = partyMembers[(info.sender() as Player).uniqueId]

        // Find the party members
        for ((uuid, party) in partyMembers) {

            // Ignore yourself
            if (uuid == (info.sender() as Player).uniqueId) {
                continue
            } else {
                // If the party member is in the same party as you
                if (party == partyName) {
                    val target = Bukkit.getPlayer(uuid)!!
                    if (target.isOnline) {
                        // Add them if they are online
                        playersToTeleportTo.add(target)
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        playersToTeleportTo.toTypedArray()
    }))

Notice something here? There's some code repetition for the withRequirement method - this is the same predicate that we used earlier, except we remove the negation. If you are interested, you can view the section Predicate tips for a method to improve code reuse.

Once the arguments have been declared, we can now implement our party teleportation command:

new CommandAPICommand("party")
    .withArguments(arguments)
    .executesPlayer((player, args) -> {
        Player target = (Player) args.get("player");
        player.teleport(target);
    })
    .register();

CommandAPICommand("party")
    .withArguments(arguments)
    .executesPlayer(PlayerCommandExecutor { player, args ->
        val target = args["player"] as Player
        player.teleport(target)
    })
    .register()

What's important to note in this example is that if you spend the time to set up the arguments properly, it severely decreases the amount of code required to write your command. This makes the commands you declare easier to understand and follow and you don't end up having to put all of these checks in the body of your command executor.

Updating requirements

Finally, the part you've all been waiting for - how to update requirements. With the way requirements work, they need to be updated manually. To illustrate why this is the case, I'll explain using the example of the /repair command:

When a player joins the game, the server tells the client the list of all commands that the client can run (don't worry, this is completely normal, as declared here). Let's say that the player has joined and has less than 30 levels.

When a player has less than 30 levels, they are unable to execute the /repair command, because the list of commands that the server sent to the client did not contain the /repair command. Eventually, the player will fight some mobs or mine some ores and eventually will reach 30 levels. Despite this, the player's client doesn't actually know that they're now able to use the /repair command until the server tells them. As such, the server needs to somehow update the requirements that a player has so a player knows they can run the command.

The CommandAPI handles this in a very simple method call:

CommandAPI.updateRequirements(player);

Developer's Note:

The CommandAPI.updateRequirements(player); method can be used anywhere, except for the withRequirement method. Using it inside this method will crash the server. This is by design - just make sure you don't use it within the withRequirement method and everything will be fine!

To illustrate how to use this, we'll go over the two examples above:

Example - Updating requirements for xp changes

In the example of requirements with the /repair command, we needed to ensure that the player's requirements update when their experience changes. To do this, we'll simply use a normal event to check this:

@EventHandler
public void onExpChange(PlayerExpChangeEvent event) {
    CommandAPI.updateRequirements(event.getPlayer());
}

And of course, you have to ensure that this event is registered in your onEnable() method:

@Override
public void onEnable() {
    getServer().getPluginManager().registerEvents(this, this);
}

Developer's Note:

I'm assuming you already know how to register events and don't need me to go into great detail how to do so, take the code above with a pinch of salt - I know how much everyone likes to divide their event handlers and listeners to organise their code.

Example - Updating requirements for the party creation example

In the example for a party creation, we declared two commands:

/party create <partyName>
/party tp <player>

When a player creates a new party, we need to ensure that their requirements are updated when they create the party. As such, we simply add this to our party creation command executor:

new CommandAPICommand("party")
    .withArguments(arguments)
    .executesPlayer((player, args) -> {
        
        // Get the name of the party to create
        String partyName = (String) args.get("partyName");
        
        partyMembers.put(player.getUniqueId(), partyName);
        
        CommandAPI.updateRequirements(player);
    })
    .register();

CommandAPICommand("party")
    .withArguments(arguments)
    .executesPlayer(PlayerCommandExecutor { player, args ->

        // Get the name of the party to create
        val partyName = args["partyName"] as String

        partyMembers[player.uniqueId] = partyName

        CommandAPI.updateRequirements(player)
    })
    .register()

That's it!

Multiple requirements

The CommandAPI lets you handle multiple requirements really easily! The withRequirement method can be called multiple times, so you don't have to worry about shoving everything in one expression.

Example - Using multiple requirements

For example, you can apply multiple requirements for a command by calling the withRequirement method multiple times:

new CommandAPICommand("someCommand")
    .withRequirement(sender -> ((Player) sender).getLevel() >= 30)
    .withRequirement(sender -> ((Player) sender).getInventory().contains(Material.DIAMOND_PICKAXE))
    .withRequirement(sender -> ((Player) sender).isInvulnerable())
    .executesPlayer((player, args) -> {
        // Code goes here
    })
    .register();

CommandAPICommand("someCommand")
    .withRequirement { (it as Player).level >= 30 }
    .withRequirement { (it as Player).inventory.contains(Material.DIAMOND_PICKAXE) }
    .withRequirement { (it as Player).isInvulnerable() }
    .executesPlayer(PlayerCommandExecutor { player, args ->
        // Code goes here
    })
    .register()

CommandAPI Documentation v9.2.0